Table 5.6: Estimates of Demand for Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurses in U.S. General Acute Care Hospitals, 2000
| OLS (s.e.) |
Instrumenting for Scope of Practice (s.e.) |
Instrumenting for Scope of Practice & LPN Wages (s.e.) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specific |
-0.077* |
(0.040) |
-0.085** |
(0.041) |
0.221 |
(0.354) |
| Restrictive |
-0.137** |
(0.032) |
-0.136** |
(0.032) |
-0.060 |
(0.056) |
| log (LPN Wage) |
-0.857** |
(0.281) |
-0.838** |
(0.289) |
-4.929 |
(3.977) |
| log (RN Wage) |
-0.092 |
(0.350) |
-0.093 |
(0.348) |
1.912 |
(1.373) |
| log (Nurse Aide Wage) |
0.667** |
(0.275) |
0.725** |
(0.277) |
0.183 |
(0.601) |
| log (Inpatient Days) |
0.615** |
(0.024) |
0.615** |
(0.024) |
0.631** |
(0.030) |
| log (Length of Stay) |
-0.418** |
(0.030) |
-0.420** |
(0.031) |
-0.436** |
(0.033) |
| Case Mix |
0.098 |
(0.080) |
0.087 |
(0.081) |
0.076 |
(0.091) |
| Technology (Saidin Index) |
-0.022* |
(0.012) |
-0.021* |
(0.012) |
-0.022* |
(0.012) |
| log (Medicaid Share of Inpatient Days) |
0.067** |
(0.023) |
0.069** |
(0.024) |
0.083** |
(0.032) |
| For Profit Hospital |
0.035 |
(0.039) |
0.039 |
(0.039) |
0.044 |
(0.039) |
| District Hospital |
0.154** |
(0.050) |
0.159** |
(0.051) |
0.137** |
(0.055) |
| Government (State or local) Hospital |
0.127** |
(0.055) |
0.134** |
(0.056) |
0.132** |
(0.060) |
| Number of HMOs Operating in County |
-0.049** |
(0.008) |
-0.049** |
(0.008) |
-0.026 |
(0.025) |
| HMO Penetration |
-0.138 |
(0.261) |
-0.120 |
(0.265) |
0.131 |
(0.332) |
| No. of HMOs X HMO Penetration |
0.042 |
(0.032) |
0.040 |
(0.032) |
-0.003 |
(0.058) |
| Per Capita Income in County |
-0.00001** |
(0.000) |
-0.00001** |
(0.000) |
-0.000009** |
(0.000) |
| R-Squared |
0.542 |
0.539 |
0.498 |
|||
| N |
3,890 |
3,798 |
3,798 |
|||
*p < 0.10
**p < 0.05
Notes: (1) dependent variable is log (No. of Full-time Equivalent Licensed Practical Nurses), (2) all regressions include State dummy variables and a constant; and (3) all regressions use the cluster (on State) option in Stata.
Sources: American Hospital Association Annual Survey of Hospitals, Current Population Survey Outgoing Rotation Group Files, and Area Resource File. Managed care data courtesy of Douglas R. Wholey Political variables courtesy of Mark W. Smith, Health Economics Resource Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System.