Table 5.8: Estimates of Demand for Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurses in U.S. Long-Term Care Facilities, 2002
| Not instrumenting for wages |
Instrumenting for wages |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restrictive scope of practice |
-0.028** |
(0.006) |
-0.022** |
(0.006) |
| Specific scope of practice |
-0.030** |
(0.004) |
-0.033** |
(0.004) |
| LPN wage (or relative wage) |
-0.025** |
-0.004 |
-0.097** |
(0.006) |
| Number of beds |
-0.0004** |
(0.00006) |
-0.0005** |
(0.00006) |
| Case mix Index |
0.390** |
(0.018) |
0.344** |
(0.018) |
| Rate of Medicaid residents |
-0.004** |
(0.0002) |
-0.004** |
(0.0002) |
| Accepts Medicare and Medicaid |
-0.263** |
(0.012) |
-0.232** |
(0.012) |
| Medicaid reimbursement rate |
0.0001 |
(0.0003) |
0.003** |
(0.0003) |
| Case mix reimbursement method |
0.011 |
(0.009) |
-0.021** |
(0.009) |
| For-profit facility |
0.002 |
(0.008) |
0.003 |
(0.008) |
| Chain facility |
0.021** |
(0.008) |
0.028** |
(0.008) |
| Hospital-based facility |
0.022* |
(0.012) |
0.014 |
(0.012) |
| Market concentration |
-0.062** |
(0.017) |
-0.163** |
(0.018) |
| Intercept |
-0.595** |
(0.108) |
0.347** |
(0.121) |
| R-squared |
0.138 |
0.154 |
||
| N |
14029 |
14029 |
||
*p < 0.10
**p < 0.05
Notes: (1) Dependent variable is LPN hours per resident day; (2) both equations instrument for Medicaid Reimbursement Rate, Case mix, and Scope of Practice